7^thInternational Conference on Recycling and Waste Management

Melbourne, Australia

October 3-4, 2019

The development of new paper products from waste or old paper is recycling of paper. The benefits associated with this process are quite a few: mainly three important things are saved that is water, wood and oil. Along with this there are other benefits like 900 kg of paper recycled saves around 3.3 cubic yards of landfill space. The process of recycling takes place in 5 stages:

Collection

Sorting

Shredding and Pulping

Filtering and De-Inking

This Recycling 2019 will provide you with the scope of interaction with professionals from the field of Paper Recycling industries.

Plastic recycling is one of the most tedious jobs as plastic being a non-biodegradable product requires more efforts to reduce its contribution towards waste. The procedure of collecting plastic materials and conversion into useful products is plastic recycling. The products of plastic recycling has its use in diverse sectors, thereby making plastic recycling extremely important. The process is challenging due to plastic possessing the properties of low density and low value. The main advantage of plastic recycling is that it helps in conservation of energy and resources furthermore it clears space for landfills helping the environment to be green and clean simultaneously. To know further come and join the event of Recycling 2019.

Metals have the advantage to be recycled continuously without having any changes in their properties. According to the AISI, among all the metals steel is the one to be recycled the most. Metal recycling involves the separation of ferrous metals from non-ferrous metals. This is one of the most important steps in the metal recycling. In case of ferrous metals as they contain the iron component they can be separated with the help of magnets. In the process of separating metals from a mixed bunch of materials, first paper is taken out leaving behind plastics and metals. The next step involves the application of electric current through which only metals are affected this procedure is known as Eddy Current Separation. For separating precious metals like gold, platinum sophisticated and technologically advanced equipment are required. Presently, the uses of infra-red scanning and x-ray have become quite desired as they identify metals through the use of sensors. To indulge in more regarding new innovative technologies of Metal Recycling join Recycling 2019.

Wood or timber recycling is the friendliest form of recycling. This helps in manufacturing of various other products which are very useful for human and other species. Accordingly recycled timber product raises awareness more towards deforestation and climate change. Even timber can be grounded to wood chips which can be used for providing light in homes. Get to know more about wood and timber Recycling in Recycling 2019.

This process involves the used or old clothes; synthetic materials fibrous materials which are reprocessed so that they can be used later for similar purpose. The urgent requirement for textile recycling is that it aims to reduce the landfill. This is so because fibres take thousands of years to decompose and along with that they release harmful gases such as methane into the atmosphere which is harmful for all the species. In case of synthetic fibres as they do not decompose they may pollute the underground water by releasing toxic substances which are harmful for all. There are certain benefits of textile recycling as mentioned:

Reduction in space required for landfilling

Decreased consumption of energy and water

Demands for dyes are quite less

With the change in technology every day the amount of E-waste is also increasing rapidly. E-wastes are nothing but the used, obsolete, non-functional, Electronic gadgets or devices kept for disposal purpose. Examples of some are mobile phones, laptops, hard discs, circuit boards, televisions etc. There are several steps of E-waste Recycling:

Picking Shed

Disassembly

First size reduction process

Second size reduction process

Over-band Magnet

Separation of metallic and non-metallic components

Rubber or Tire recycling is the procedure of using the tires which can no longer be used on vehicles due to the damage in them. Tire recycling is one of the most tedious tasks because of their volume and resilience and as they are composed of materials prone to damage the environment.

The benefits associated with rubber recycling:

The cost is reduced to half of that of natural rubber

They possess properties better than that of virgin rubber

Helps in conservation of non-renewable petroleum products

Generation of work in developing countries

Gives rise to many useful products from reused tyre and other such products

Glass is such a material which is 100% recyclable without loss in purity or quality. Glass manufacturers have advantages from recycling as recycled glass reduces the usage of raw materials, extending the life of the glass equipment thereby saving energy in due course.

Glass recycling process has a number of steps:

Collection of different glass materials

Sorting

Cullet Production

De-contamination

De-colorizing and Dyeing

Making recycled glass products

Recycling of batteries is required so as to avoid the adverse effects related to mixing of heavy metal and toxic components with the soil and leading to water pollution which in course of time generates different kinds of diseases. The advantages of recycling batteries are: Metals and minerals which are natural resources are conserved. It saves energy, reduces pollution, furthermore it reduces the emission of greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change.

Industry is the one of the main contributors in scaling up the waste pollution. Recycling should be adopted by all the Industries, companies thereby maintaining a healthy environment for all. Wastes from industries are materials like paints, solvents, adhesives and various kinds of oils, all of these are harmful for humans, animals and the environment. Wastes should be disposed properly otherwise it would be giving birth to quite a many diseases. All private small companies and business should have their own waste management system like land fillings, injection wells and incineration.

Construction waste constitutes of material generated from construction sites, or industries. They include materials such as nails, roofing, rubble, insulation, lead, asbestos or any kind of hazardous substances. Construction Waste Recycling involves separation of recoverable waste material for their reuse and recycling.

Landfill is an area for disposing all kinds of wastes this is one of the oldest forms of dumping which is being used for hundreds of years. This is one of the organised methods of waste disposal.

The techniques applied for non-hazardous waste management are:

Confining waste to a smallest area possible

Compact waste to reduce the volume

After dumping of waste, they are generally covered with layers of soil or other kinds of materials which include wood chips, bio-solids or any green wastes.

Solid Waste management can be defined as the treatment of day to day discarded material which is ultimately of no use to mankind or has served its role and no longer required. Solid wastes are generated from various sources like residential, industrial, municipal wastes, Hospital/ Biomedical Waste. Generally due to inappropriate disposal of wastes, there is adverse effect on the surrounding environment.

Different ways to combat solid waste management:

Sanitary landfills: In this method the bottom of the landfill is covered with layers of sand and plastic so that the wastes don’t percolate to ground water. Then the garbage are dumped and spread out in layers and covered with clay, soil, gravel and soil.

Incineration: This method utilizes burning of solid wastes at high temperatures thereby reducing the volume of waste to a much lesser volume along with reduction of weight and giving rise to ashes.

Recovery and Recycling: The main aim is to reduce landfills and also reuse the discarded items.

Composting: Biodegradable waste materials are used for this purpose, and the product of composting can be used for agricultural purposes.

Food waste is generated at different stages in the food chain system namely starting from farming, processing of the crops, transportation, cooking food and consumption of food. If waste food is dumped into landfills, the wastes decompose giving rise to various greenhouse gases leading to global warming. Removing food waste from landfills we may help in reduction of the carbon footprint thereby storing the necessary nutrients back to the soil. The good ways to convert the food wastes to something useful are in converting the wasted food materials to Biogas. Anaerobic digestion helps in degrading the discarded wastes in turn can be used for generation of electricity as well as fuels for transport.

Water the 2^nd most important element for human survival and wastewater generation is also among one of the top among other wastes generated. So, we should concentrate more in treating water. The process of treating water is done to remove all contaminants and convert it to an effluent which in turn goes back to the water cycle having no or very less impact on the surrounding environment. Many types of Biological processes are deployed for treatment of waste water which includes, aerated lagoons, filters, and activated sludge. The process of management will help to preserve, protect the quality of marine, fresh waters. Recycled water can be used to recreate wetlands and habitats for species. 

Hospitals are important places giving rise to high-risk hazardous wastes. If hospital waste management is not done following a proper channel then it may give rise to serious health problems causing dreadful diseases and increased adverse environmental effects. Hospital/ Biomedical waste consists of Infectious agents, Genotoxic materials, toxic chemicals and radio-active materials.

The waste management process consists of the following processes:

Collection of wastes

Segregating according to the types

Storage

Treatment of the waste

Transportation to the final disposal area

Final disposal

The process of treating and disposing waste material which when not handled properly can cause serious harm to humans, animals and as a whole towards the environment may be defined as Hazardous waste management. Hazardous waste can be of any form be solid, liquid but generally are of chemical in nature. They can be classified based on the physical, chemical and biological properties. These kinds of waste generally are corrosive, radioactive, infectious or toxic in nature.

Agriculture is one of the largest sectors contributing towards economy at the same time it also generates humungous amount of waste. Agricultural wastes emerge from many sources:

Natural waste

Animal waste

Plant waste

Proper waste management keeps the environment healthy for farm animals and crop production. The bulk of wastes generated are paddy, wheat straw, husk, sugarcane, rotten vegetables, fibres, coconut husks etc. The agricultural wastes can be recycled and has various applications like from sugarcane we extract the juice which is further produces ethanol. Goal of any waste management system should have the assurance in having the maximum economic benefit provided well maintenance of environmental standards.

This type of management refers to the process of use and reuse of materials in their life cycle. The main aim of SMM is in reducing wastes thereby minimizing environmental impacts and also conserving resources. As we are progressing more towards limited resources, the SMM will help us to maintain stable economic growth along with sustainable health and environment.

The solid wastes (MSW) which are dumped into atmosphere produce significantly huge amounts of methane, CO₂ which contribute towards the greenhouse gas emission. According to reports emission of gas from landfills contributes to 5% of total GHG emission and 12% of methane emission which is 20 times more impact that of CO₂.